Odyssey bibliography Essay Example for Free

Odyssey bibliography Essay Odysseus was one of the famous Greek poets. He was Laertes and Anticlea’s son and was married to Penelope (a woman thought to be inordinately faithful) and was a father to Telemachus. Odysseus was the king of Ithaca, a favorite place in Athens, and was one of the few Greeks that returned home safely from troy and the Trojan War though it took a long time before they returned. He is believed to have written some poems in the end of eighth century BC. Odysseus was among the leader of Achaeans who have contributed to most part of Greek literature. In his different walks of life, he is view as a hero and in other side as a failure, in the focus of his bibliography as written by homer, his participation in Trojan war and his tricks that made him stand unique paving way for his success in his missions. He was a family man who focused on achievements and did not believe on failures, he believed in as supernatural power of gods that were making him strong in believe that they were in his support in the victory. The essay focuses on the life line of Odysseus, participation and contributions as well as his character traits as narrated by different poets and other literatures. Joachim, 2005) Odysseus early life When Odysseus was a young boy, he exhibited on his talent; his main fond was archery and was excelling on it. Young Odysseus was fond of hunting with his dog, Argos, he could not stop doing what he liked no matter the challenges example is when he was gored by a bear and left a scar on his thigh. The scar was a lifetime mark that would help his old nurse Eurycleia when he returned from his wonderings. He was know to mind less about the appearance, some people went far as saying that he had bandy-legged, but when he began talking, he was unstoppable. His cleverness brought him closer to goddess Athena; he became his protector at troy and later on the sea. Odysseus became one of the original suitors of Helen of troy. He came woo her in Sparta for it was expected of him though his main interest was in her cousin Penelope. To avoid dispute among the suitors that were interested in Helen, Odysseus suggested to her father to help him win Penelope, Helen’s cousin, her father feared the preference of one suitor. Odysseus suggested to Tyndareus to exact an oath to all suitors that they will defend the favored suitor and protect his marriage against anything wrong that may be done to him. Helen married Menelaus of the cursed horse. Icarius of Lacedaemon, the Penelope’s father, offered his daughter to Odysseus, the man who defeated him in foot race. Penelope’s father, the old king of Lacedaemon was trying to make the newly wedded couples to stay in Lacedaemon but Odysseus refused and set for Ithaca. After much insisting, Odysseus had to bade to his wife either to move with him or return to her father. Penelope did not respond but instead she covered her face which was a clear indication that she wished to move with her husband, this was a clear prove of her cleverness and wily as her husband. Martin, 2007) On arrival in Ithaca, Odysseus had to build a new palace for him and his new bride. The couple got a son, it did not take long before the news came to them that Paris had eloped Helen. After the Paris abducted Helen, her father invoked an oath of Tyndareus, Odysseus refused to make good out of it. He pretended to be mad just to proof his sanity after he avoided hitting a child. (Kayakas, 1988) Odysseus character Odysseus is described as a hero due to his cunning intelligence. The use of deceptive speech describes him well and is well manifested in his character traits as a peer of Zeus in counsel. His disguising character takes form altering his appearance and verbal, this may be seen in the event when he blinded Cyclops when he told him that his name was nobody the managed to escape after blinding Polyphemus. When polyphemuss was screaming and Cyclops asks him why he was doing that, he said that nobody is hurting him, every one (Cyclopes) thought no one was hurting him and may be he was suffering in the hands of immortal Zeus. According to Odyssey of Homer, it is evident that Odysseus was arrogant and proud, as he sailed away from the Cyclops’s island, he boasted as he shouted his name saying that no one defeat him ‘great Odysseus’. The Cyclopes were not happy with him and the threw bitter words to him as he tells his father that Odysseus blinded him which enraged Poseidon and caused the god to curse Odysseus home coming and delayed for a long time. (Rodney, 2006) Odysseus events Odysseus events are narrated and given from the middle of the plot; this has been done through flashbacks and story telling. The later authors have done this through imitation, examples of these authors are Virgil and Aeneid, the modern poets were not left behind such as Pope Alexander in the mock epic, mock-heroic also commonly known as ‘the rape of the rock’. At first we find Odysseus trying to assert control on the household and later at Athena’s advice while in search for news concerning his lost fathers. Odysseus was a captive for a long time of the beautiful nymph Calypso who he had spent with his seven years of his lost ten years. (Karykas, 2003) After his release by intercession of his patroness Athena, he leaves and his raft was destroyed by his known enemy Poseidon who was much annoyed because Odysseus had blinded Polyphemus his son. Odysseus washed up Scherie, which was the home to Phaeacians and is assisted by Nausicaa who treats him with great hospitability. When he returned he narrated about his adventures since he left troy to Phaeacians and the leader of his adventures satisfying their curiosity. This flash back extends back to where Odysseus stands and his tale told. Odysseus got a ship through loan from shipbuilding Phaeacians to return to Ithaca, he is assisted by swine hearder Emaeus to meet Telemachus, in the process he got back his house hold and managed to kill the suitors and then he was able to reunite with his faithful Penelope, his wife. Odyssey is divided into 24 books in all modern editions and translations. The message contained there in is convincing but not original, Alexandrian editors developed this by 3rd century BC. Through the period, the books have been given different titles. Barry, 2006) Odysseus and culture Different cultures have risen in concern of Odysseus; some of the cultures describe him as a hero and others as a scoundrel. Odysseus was ruling the Cephallenians, this were the people who were dwelling on the islands that was on the northwest coast of Greece. His palace was on the rocky island of Ithaca, compared to other Greek princes that were fighting at troy; he was not as wealthy as them though he was living a com fortable life. (Malcom, 2000) Trojan War According to myths of Greek, the Trojan war was war that was Achaeans against the city of troy after Helen was stolen by troy of Paris from her husband Menelaus who was the King of Sparta. Trojan War was among the most important events that happened in the Greek mythology which was narrated by many and different works of Greek literature that included the Iliad, Homer and the Odyssey. Trojan War believed to have originated from a quarrel between the Aphrodite, Athena and Hera goddesses after the Eris, goddess of strife and discord offered them a golden apple, and this is also referred to as apple of discord that was marked to be the fairest. When the goddess went to Paris and judged that Aphrodite as the fairest and should be the one to receive the apple. In exchange apple, Aphrodite made Helen to be the most beautiful woman and fallen in love with Paris who would take her to troy. Achaeans desecrated temples and they slaughtered Trojans, they got the wrath of gods’, only few of the Achaeans returned home safely while others found colonies in different places in the shores. The Romans were led by one of the surviving Trojan to their origin, Italy. Wood, 1998) Odyssey describes the Odysseus journey home. He was among the Achaean leaders. Other parts of the war have been narrated by cycle of epic poems, though has survived in fragments. The war episodes were important for they provided materials for the Greek literature and for the Roman poets like Ovid and Virgil. Odysseus had fought for more than ten years in the Trojan War before he came up with the idea of wooden horse. This was probable the reason why wily or c rafty was attached to his name. Odysseus incurred another decade on the way before arriving home after blinding Poseidon’s Cyclops son that brought a wrath to him. This delayed him to arrive in time so this covers him and his crews return way to Ithaca from Trojan War. (Jonathan, 2004) Dilemma of Odyssey Though the ancient Greeks great epic poems were attributed to the confusing figure of homer, not much is known about him and the contribution of odyssey beyond his name being attached to the poems. There is some doubt whether homer was the real author of Odyssey and Iliad. Homer played a primary role in shaping the master work, much is said about the probability of his contribution, if he is the real author, he must be a great literature artist. Odysseys are the most influential poems; Odysseus epics are used in the Greek education and culture throughout the age and have formed a backbone of human education from the time of Roman Empire and spread of Christianity. The translation of odysseys have brought an impact on Renaissance culture of Italy, this have helped in forming European tradition. The poems are of some use in determining when Homer and Odysseus lived, this gives a clue that make it easy to assume that they lived around 8th century, The Odyssey may belong closer to this period. The dilemma behind this is that odysseys were oral; this was to be passed through generations till the time of writing. Odysseus own means of poems are through singing. Another dilemma is what would affect the accuracy of when epics came to written form. (Michael, 1976) Conclusion Odysseus was a man of different character; no one could really describe his character confidently. He was a man of high moral and he used his cleverness to avoid what he wanted and avoid what seemed not good for him. During the Trojan War, Odysseus was a man his group could not do without; his mode of decision making was quite unique and stood as a pillar for the victory. The life of Odysseus was a life well lived, he left a legend behind that would become a literature to learned in European education, this was an epic that taught much of the Greeks’ empire and history.

Redhook Brewery Essay -- essays research papers

Introduction The distribution alliance Redhook formed with Anheuser-Bush in 1994 was to run for 20 years, but could be terminated after 10 years under certain conditions. Under the alliance, A.B. invested in Redhook and gained a 25% stake in the company’s equity, and made its nationwide networks of 700 wholesale distributors. Redhook retained full control over production and marketing. Distributors who participated in the alliance were to be given exclusive distributing rights in their territories. Redhook believed they could gain acceptance and much greater exposure with this alliance with Anheuser-Bush, but the alliance was viewed controversial be many. Strengths and Weaknesses Regarding strengths and weakness, we found that one of Redhook’s weaknesses was that management wanted to make it too big in the craft beer industry too fast. For instance, once Redhook started making a profit they replaced the first brewery with a larger capacity with state of the art equipment. Redhook also has a problem regarding the structure of the industry and the quality of the company’s management team. Another weakness for Redhook was the age group that was buying their craft beer. One of Redhook’s strengths was that they had an agreement with one of the biggest beer distributor Anheuser-Busch to distribute their product. However, one could probably turn that into a weakness for Redhook as Anheuser-Busch may not promote Redhook’s product as well as their own. The table below shows the strengths and weaknesses of Redhook. Strengths Major source of revenue and profit  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Craft Beer Market share of the company  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.7% Strong company brands  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Blonde ale Marketing and advertising effective  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Yes. Articulate plans in place Major focus of the company  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Production to produce high quality beer Skilled workers  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trained, educated and prepared Stock price track record  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Varies. Down now Technology efficient  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Company has embraced technology Company proactive about change  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Yes. Company proven change can work International trade  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Company goal is to compete in the international market Weaknesses Competitiveness ... ...ours Community Gatherings Marketing on Site Price Discounting Company owned Pubs Visitor Tours Homepage provided classes on brewing Open office of collegiality and collaboration part of office culture Human Resources: Objectives Production of high quality craft beer Control of production in company owned business Operation of regional brewing facilities Production economics through technologically advanced equipment Strategic distribution alliance with Anheuser-Busch Promotion of production within local markets Goals Continued market development and penetration in East Addressing short fall of growth in West Growth in International Market Conclusion Although Anheuser-Busch governs the brewery industry top management also sought to dominate the craft beer market. Their endeavors were rewarded when Red Hook beer sold company stock to Busch. This mutual agreement was beneficial to Red Hook because it offered opportunities for them to serve a larger customer base, increased their distribution suppliers and provided additional brewery locations. Anheuser-Busch attacked the evolution of microbreweries with â€Å"gusto† therefore, forever shaping the revolution of craft beer makers.

Course notes Operations management

A lot of things we do, activities such as analyzing, does not add value. Inventory Is a big non-value added activity, If you have two Items (toasters) where one has been there for long and the other Is fairly new. As a customer you want the new one. As a manager for the store, the old one costs more because you have to store it. Exercise: What is the input, what is the transformation and finally the output? Accountants: the transformation Is they are doing audits, financial statements etc.The Input Is raw data and the output is audited financial statements. Telecommunication companies: the transformation Is transmission of data, the Input is data and the output is data as well. System example: Restaurant Objectives: make money essentially, fast food or exclusive? Elements: tables, servers, waiters, wine experts, chefs etc. Input: customers Transformation: you feed the customers In an environment they find agreeable. Output: satisfied customers Feedback: Are we making money? They also use Customer satisfaction services.Restaurant Political, Legal: permits, alcohol permits, hourly wages, is tips Included? Economical: Price of food, price of dollar. Social: what type of food people eat. Technological: systems to communicate with the kitchen, ordering or reservations through internet. Ecological: recycling. Example: Strategic, tactical and operational decisions. Strategic: what type of cuisine? The limit, how many tables for which demand? Tactical decision: what type of employees should I recruit? Operational decisions:

William Blakes The Echoing Green Essay - 929 Words

William Blakes The Echoing Green The poem ‘The Echoing Green’ is written by William Blake. It is taken from SONGS OF INNOCENCE. It is divine voice of childhood unchallenged by the test and doubts of later years. Blake expresses in simple and lovely diction the happiness and innocence of a child’s first thoughts about. This is a pictorial poem. ‘The Echoing Green’ is a poem about a grassy field on a warm morning in late spring. The poet gives a very beautiful description of a dawn and morning of spring. The spring represents the life. Morning is the beginning of life and the dark evening is the end. This poem is a blend of child like innocence and grayness of later years. It is symbolic and draws a contrast between youth and old age.†¦show more content†¦The beautiful songbirds like the delicate thrush and the sweet sounding skylark create a marvelous fusion of their cute chirping with the sonorous bell chimes. From this point the poem shows a subtle recession in the mood as the focus eases on to the old people sitting under the oak tree and draw a strange sort of pleasure from the games and the frivolous activities of the children. The old oak tree also symbolizes a rather enigmatic entity of existence- time. The old oak tree represents the all-pervasive time that draws a calming balance between the contrasting old age and the joyous childhood. The old people sitting under the cool shades of the old oak tree show a rather reflective attitude as they brood over the time of their own childhood. For some time they forget their own worries and pains which they have realized with the passage of time. This shows that the children are a blessing and they have the ability to make ones life happy. The old people enjoy the children’s sports. The old folks are also laughing at the simplicity and innocence of the children. The children are ignorant about the hardships and the difficulties in the life ahead. The older generation has gone through the ups and downs of life and can actually understand the sweetness of the time of childhood, as that is a time that they have lost. In fact they are ready for their eternal rest in the womb of Mother Nature. Thus theShow MoreRelatedWilliam Wordsworth And The Echoing Green905 Words   |  4 Pagesthe important events in which the literary works were published (â€Å"I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud† by William Wordsworth and â€Å"The Echoing Green† by William Blake). However these poets both use nature around them as a symbolic meaning to express their current emotions and feelings, which both sparked memories from watching nat ure. My thesis intends to examine the question: Why William Wordsworth and William Blake had such a symbolic meaning in their poems? This thesis will attempt to answer this questionRead More Compare and contrast The Echoing Green with The Schoolboy by1387 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and contrast The Echoing Green with The Schoolboy by William Blake Both The Echoing Green and The Schoolboy are classed under the section, Songs of Innocence, which at first suggests that they will be of a similar nature. However this presumption is dispelled early on, as one examines the issues behind the often comparable wording. Many elements in The Schoolboy do echo those in The Echoing Green and visa versa, but the atmospheres of each poem that are presented are soRead MoreEssay about A Brief Biography of William Blake668 Words   |  3 PagesHave you ever heard of a guy name William Blake? No, if not I can tell you things about him. William Blake was born over his father’s modest history shop at Broad Street, Golden Square, London. His dad name was James Blake and his mother name was Catherin Wright Armitage Blake. 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In thisRead MoreBlake s Use Of Nature Through Songs Of Innocence1914 Words   |  8 PagesTai Beiserman Professor Nachumi ENGL 1100 26 April 2015 Blake’s use of nature through Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience William â€Å"Bill† Cronon, an environmental historian and vice Chair of The Wilderness Society, believes that because society differ its self from the nature, it makes the nature to be seen as wild, remote, and inaccessible. In his essay â€Å"The Trouble with Wilderness; or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature†, published in 1995 by the New York Times and in Uncommon Ground: TowardRead More Comparison of The Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay2199 Words   |  9 Pagesinnocent children God sent into the world, to the corrupted ones that leave the earth? William Blake’s ‘Songs of Innocence and Experience examine these different states. Blake wanted to show the two contrary states in the human mind. The Lamb and the Tyger are just vehicles for Blake to express what he feels happens to people as they grow, develop and eventually become perverted by the world around them. Blake’s background and occupation greatly influenced the style and content of his poems. He livedRead More Comparison of the Portrayal of Nature in Blake and Wordsworth1518 Words   |  7 Pagesimagination as the basis of human understanding, rejecting the scientific world view of materialism. The Romantics attempted to discover the hidden union between man and nature. Imagination is a force, or energy, that allows such a bond to be made. William Blake saw the human imagination as essential to human understanding of the world; he saw reality as a mental construction. According to Blake, once the energy of imagination is used effectively to realize the connection between man and nature, theRead MoreThe Poetry of William Blake1806 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will aim to show the relationship between Innocence and Experience in William Blakes Songs. Both Songs of Experience and Songs of Innocence serve as a mirror Blake held up to society, the Songs of Experience being the darker side of the mirror. Blakes Songs show two imaginative realms: The two sides to the human soul that are the states of Innocence and Experience. The two states serve as different ways of seeing. The world of innocence as Northrop Frye saw it encapsulated theRead MoreThe Notion of Duality of the Human Soul in William Blake’s Songs of Innocence and Experience4371 Words   |  18 PagesOf The Human Soul In   William Blake’s Songs Of Innocence And Experience Tembong Denis Fonge             Blake’s Songs of Innocence and Experience generally subscribe to the main stream appreciation that they present the reader with two states of the human condition - the pastoral, pure and natural world of lambs and blossoms on the one hand, and the world of experience characterized by exploitation, cruelty, conflict and hypocritical humility on the other hand. However, Blake’s songs communicate experiences